Syllogism solutions chapter 13 CA foundation Maths Solutions
CA foundation Maths Solutions Chapter 13 Exercise 13A are given.
You must study the textbook lesson Syllogism in the textbook.
You should practice all example problems and solutions which are given in the textbook.
You can observe the solution given below and try them in your own way.
Chapter 13 Solutions CA foundation Maths Solutions
CA Foundation Maths Solutions
Chapter 13
Syllogism
Questions and Solutions
1. Statement : Some Chairs are glasses.
All trees are Chairs.
Conclusions : 1. Some trees are glasses.
II. Some glasses are trees.
a. If only I follows
b. If only conclusion II follows
c. If either I or II follows
d If neither I nor II follows
e. If both I and II follow.
Solution : As both conclusions are not correct.
Neither I nor II follows.
Answer : d
2. Statement : No man is a lion.
Ram is a man.
Conclusions : I Ram is not a lion.
II. All men are not Ram.
a. if only I follows.
b. if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution : As Ram is a man and no man is a lion.
Ram is not a lion. Therefore, conclusion I is the correct but not II.
Answer : a
3. Statement : All boys are fathers.
All fathers are mothers.
Conclusions : I. All fathers are boys.
II. All boys are mothers.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution : As all boys are fathers and all fathers are mothers.
Therefore, all boys are mothers, hence conclusion II is follows.
Answer : b
4. Statement : All pens are cups.
All cups are bowls.
Conclusions : I. All pens are bowls.
II. All cups are pots.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution :As all pens are cups and all cups are bowls. Therefore all pens are bowls.
Hence conclusion I follows.
Answer : a
5. Statement : All students are boys.
No boy is dull.
Conclusions : I.There are no girls in the class.
II. No student is dull.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: All students are boys it means there is no girls in the class. Hence conclusion I follows.
Since no boys dull, hence no student is dull, Hence conclusion II also follows.
Answer : e
6. Statement : Some cats are kittens.
All Rats are kittens.
Conclusions: I. Some Cats are Rats.
II. Some Rats are Cats.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Some cats and rats are kitten, but we can’t tell anything about cats and rats. Hence both conclusions are not follows.
Answer: d
7. Statement : All names are dogs.
No dogs are foxes.
Conclusions : I. All names are foxes.
II No dogs are names.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: As all names are dogs but no dogs are foxes. Hence all names are dogs is not correct. No dogs are names is also not correct.
Therefore, both are not follows.
Answer : d
8. Statement : All pens are dogs.
Some pens are lights.
Conclusions : I. Some dogs are lights.
II. Some lights are not dogs.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: All pens are dogs and some pens are lights. Hence some dogs are light.
Therefore, I follows, but we cannot conclude that lights are not dogs so II not follows.
Answer : a.
9. Statement : Some animals are clouds.
Horse is a animal.
Conclusions : I Some clouds are animal.
II. Hen is not a cloud.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Conclusion I is the same statements. Hence I follows, but not II because hens are birds.
Answer : a.
10. Statement : All tables are rats.
Some rates are chairs.
Conclusions : I. All rats are tables.
II. Some chairs are not rats.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: All tables are rats and some rats are chairs. Hence some tables are chairs.
Both I and II does not follows.
Answer : d.
11. Statement : All tigers are birds.
Some birds are cows.
Conclusions : I. Some cows are birds.
II. Some tigers are cows.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: All tigers are birds and some birds are cows. Hence some cows are birds. Therefore, I follows.
Answer : a.
12. Statement : All papers of pens.
All pens are erasers.
Conclusions : I.Some earsers are papers.
II. Some pens are no papers.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: All papers are pens and all pens are erasers. Hence some erasers are papers.
Answer : a.
13. Statement : Some trees are monkeys.
Some ships are trees.
Conclusions : I Some monkeys are ships.
II. Some trees are neither ships nor monkeys.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Neither I nor II follows.
Answer : d
Exercise 13A Solutions CA foundation maths Solutions
14. Statement : All glasses are mirrors.
Some mirrors are black.
Conclusions : I. All mirrors are glasses.
II. Some glasses are black.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: All mirrors are glasses, not correct
Some glasses are black which is related to I.
As conclusion I do not follow,
Conclusion II is not correct.
Answer : e.
15. Statement: Some dogs are monkeys.
No monkey is black.
Conclusions : I Some dogs are black.
II Some monkeys are dogs.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: As no monkey is black, I does not follow, only II follows.
Answer : b.
16. Statement: All roads are poles.
No poles are Bungalows.
Conclusions : I Some roads are Bungalows.
II. Some Bungalows are poles.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: As poles are not Bungalows.Hence neither I not II follows.
Answer : d.
17. Statement : Many actors are directors.
All directors are dancers.
Conclusions : I. Some actors are dancers.
II. No director is an actor.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Some actors are directors. Hence I follows, II will not follows.
Answer : a.
18. Statement : Only dogs are animals.
No historian is an animal.
Conclusions : I. Some dogs are not historians. II. Some historians are not dogs.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution : Only I follows.
Answer : a.
19. Statement : Some Chairs are caps.
No cap is red.
Conclusions : I. Some caps are chairs
II. No chair is red.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Only I follows.
Answer: a
20. Statement: Some cups are belts.
No belt is black.
Conclusions : I. Some cups are black.
II. Some cups are not black.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: As belts are not black, some cups are not black. hence II follows.
Answer : b.
21. Statement : Some girls are flowers.
Some flowers are books.
Conclusions : I. Some girls are books.
II. No books are girls.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Either I or II follows.
Answer : c.
22. Statement : Some files are rats.
All animals are rats.
Conclusions : I. All files are rats.
II. Some rats are animals.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Some rats are animals, not all. Hence only II follows.
Answer : b.
23. Statement : All cricketers are tall.
Rajesh is tall.
Conclusions : I. Rajesh is a cricketer.
II. Rajesh is not cricketer.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Either I and II follows.
Answer : c.
24. Statement : Some cats are cows.
All cows are horses.
Conclusions : I. Some horses are cats.
II. Some cats are horses.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: As I and II follows.
Answer : e.
25. Statement: All scientists are hard working.
No scientists are superstitious.
Conclusions : I. No scientists are superstitious.
II. All superstitious are not scientists.
a. if only I follows.
b if only conclusion II follows.
c. if either I or II follows.
d. if neither I nor II follows.
e. if both I and II follow.
Solution: Both I and II follows.
Answer : e.
Note: You can observe the given solutions and try them in your own method.